News

  • 12/6/2023 3:51:00 AM

    In an unprecedented feat, the Propulsion Module (PM) of Chandrayaan-3 has achieved a remarkable transition, moving from its initial lunar orbit to now gracefully orbiting the Earth. Originally tasked with facilitating the soft landing near the lunar south pole and conducting experiments with the Vikram Lander and Pragyaan rover, Chandrayaan-3 achieved its mission goals with Vikram's historic touchdown on the Moon's surface on August 23. Following this, Pragyaan rover operations were conducted for the designated mission duration of one lunar day. The primary purpose of the PM was to transport the Lander module from GTO to its final lunar polar circular orbit before separating from the Lander. Subsequently, the SHAPE payload in the PM was activated for spectro-polarimetry of Earth. With meticulous orbital maneuvers and efficient fuel usage, the PM retained over 100 kg of fuel post-lunar operations, surpassing its initial fuel estimates. Seizing the opportunity to gather additional insights for future lunar missions and demonstrate mission strategies for sample return missions, a decision was made to repurpose the available fuel. Consequently, the PM was maneuvered to an Earth orbit in a meticulously planned trajectory to ensure safety protocols, preventing collisions with the Moon's surface or Earth's GEO belt. Several precise maneuvers were executed, notably elevating the apolune altitude and performing a Trans-Earth injection maneuver in October 2023. Subsequently, the PM embarked on a trajectory involving four Moon fly-bys before departing the Moon's Sphere of Influence (SOI) on November 10, eventually entering Earth's orbit. Presently, the PM orbits Earth with a period of nearly 13 days and an inclination of 27 degrees, ensuring no imminent threats to operational Earth-orbiting satellites. The SHAPE payload continues its Earth observation operations whenever within its field of view, even conducting a special operation during a Solar Eclipse on October 28, 2023. The maneuver planning, execution, and analysis carried out by ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre flight dynamics team during this operation have yielded significant outcomes for future missions. These include trajectory planning from Moon to Earth, software module development for such maneuvers, executing gravity-assisted flybys, and ensuring controlled end-of-life measures to prevent debris creation upon the PM's re-entry. This monumental achievement marks a pivotal stride in space exploration, showcasing India's prowess in precision maneuvering and strategic mission planning for future interplanetary endeavors.

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  • 12/6/2023 3:02:00 AM

    Cyclone Michaung, pronounced as mig-jaum, unleashed its devastating force upon Nellore in Andhra Pradesh as a super-cyclonic storm on December 5, leaving a path of destruction in its wake. Its genesis and journey were marked by a series of meteorological phenomena, intensifying into a formidable force that wrought havoc across Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. The story began on November 29 when the India Meteorological Department (IMD) identified a well-marked low-pressure area in the southwest Bay of Bengal. Forecasts predicted its progression from a depression to a deep depression by December 2 and eventually evolving into a cyclonic storm by December 3. The IMD's projections indicated a northward trajectory toward coastal Andhra Pradesh, impacting north Tamil Nadu with heavy rain and strong winds by December 3 and 4. As the system advanced, the Joint Typhoon Warning Centre (JTWC) upgraded the likelihood of cyclone formation to 'high' by December 1. By December 2, it had intensified into a deep depression, positioned around 500 km southeast of Chennai, moving at a rate of about 17 km/hr. Despite a momentary slowdown, it approached Chennai within two days, instigating heavy rainfall in the city's southern regions. Critical for cyclone formation is warm sea surface temperatures, and the JTWC data indicated temperatures around 28 degrees C, creating favorable conditions for cyclogenesis. By December 3 morning, the system intensified into a cyclonic storm, setting its course towards the coast. Named 'Michaung' by Myanmar, as per the list designated by the World Meteorological Organization, the cyclone's path veered closer to Chennai and its adjoining districts. Contrary to predictions, it moved more westward than anticipated by December 4, bringing it within 150 km of the city. This unexpected shift caused heavy rainfall, with some areas recording over 250 mm within 24 hours, leading to localized flooding and power outages. Despite the challenges, Chennai fared relatively better than in previous disasters due to controlled water release from the Chembarambakkam reservoir, preventing extensive flooding. On December 4, Cyclone Michaung intensified into a super-cyclonic storm, further complicating forecast models and altering its trajectory. These intensification events are magnified by warm sea surfaces, a characteristic feature of cyclones that draws heat from the sea to fuel their force. The cyclone made its landfall just south of Bapatla district in Andhra Pradesh on December 5, causing widespread damage with sustained winds of 90-100 km/hr, uprooting trees and disrupting infrastructure. Tragically, its impact resulted in the loss of 12 lives and left several areas inundated. As of December 6, radar data indicated the storm's shift inland, prompting the IMD to report its weakening into a cyclonic storm, losing its intensity due to the absence of warm sea surfaces to sustain its force. By evening, it was expected to devolve into a well-marked low-pressure area, diminishing its threat. Cyclone Michaung's relentless intensity, fueled by warm sea temperatures and influenced by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), underscored the complex dynamics of cyclone formation and intensification. Its journey, from formation to fury and eventual dissipation, serves as a stark reminder of the devastating impact of these natural calamities and the necessity for heightened preparedness in vulnerable regions.

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  • 12/4/2023 12:21:00 AM

    ### Zoram People’s Movement (ZPM) Secures Majority in Mizoram Assembly Elections In a stunning turn of events in Mizoram's Assembly Elections held in December 2023, the Zoram People’s Movement (ZPM) has emerged as the dominant force, claiming a resounding victory and securing a majority in the state assembly. **ZPM Triumphs with 27 Seats Out of 40** The ZPM clinched a total of 27 seats out of the 40 available, showcasing a strong public mandate and reflecting the widespread support garnered across the state. The party’s substantial win solidifies its position as a significant player in Mizoram’s political landscape. **Mizo National Front (MNF) and BJP Trail Behind** While the ZPM celebrated its triumph, the Mizo National Front (MNF) secured 10 seats, establishing itself as a notable contender in the electoral race. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC) secured 2 and 1 seat(s) respectively. **Tightly Contested Elections** The election results displayed a closely contested battle, with the ZPM leading in 13 constituencies where the final results were yet to be declared. The MNF also showed a promising performance by leading in 7 seats yet to be officially confirmed. **Implications and Future Governance** With the ZPM poised to take the reins in Mizoram, the spotlight now turns towards the party's future governance strategies and policy agendas. This victory marks a significant shift in the political landscape of the state, indicating potential changes in administrative priorities and developmental trajectories. The competitive spirit showcased by all parties underscores the vibrancy of democracy in Mizoram, reflecting the diverse choices made by the electorate. The ZPM’s sweeping success and significant lead in the assembly elections signal a turning point in the state's political narrative, promising a new era of governance and policy direction.

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